A Finnish Grammar

About this book

A Finnish Grammar by Charles Eliot.

Contents

• A FINNISH GRAMMAR.36
• Of the Formation of Syllables and Words.41
• CHANGES OF SOUNDS.44
• A. Changes of Vowels.44
• I. The Long Vowels and Diphthongs.44
• II. Short Vowels.44
• B. Changes of Consonants.47
• The Softening of the Hard Consonants K, T, P.47
• OTHER CHANGES OF CONSONANTS.49
• Contraction.51
• NOUNS.54
• Declension.54
• The First Declension.59
• The Second Declension.60
• The Third Declension.67
• Compound Nouns.75
• THE ADJECTIVE.77
• FORMATION OF SUBSTANTIVES AND ADJECTIVES.80
• SUBSTANTIVES.81
• ADJECTIVAL TERMINATIONS.84
• THE NUMERALS.85
• PRONOUNS.91
• Possessive Pronouns.92
• Demonstrative Pronouns.95
• Interrogative Pronouns.97
• Relative Pronouns.98
• Indefinite Pronouns.99
• Reflexive Pronoun.99
• THE VERB.100
• Formation of the Moods and Tenses of an Affirmative Verb.100
• The Passive.104
• The Negative Conjugation.105
• The Auxiliary Verb.109
• First Conjugation.113
• Second Conjugation.125
• Third Conjugation.136
• Examples.138
• Reflexive Verbs.155
• The Formation of Verbs.156
• POSTPOSITIONS.162
• THE ADVERB.164
• CONJUNCTIONS.167
• INTERJECTIONS.168
• SYNTAX.169
• The Subject.169
• The Predicate.170
• The Object.173
• Of the Agreement of Substantives and Adjectives with one another.175
• The Article.176
• THE USE OF THE CASES.178
• Nominative.179
• The Partitive Case.180
• Accusative.182
• Genitive.182
• The Internal Cases—Inessive, Elative, and Illative.184
• Inessive.184
• Elative.186
• Illative.189
• The External Cases—Adessive, Ablative, and Allative.192
• Adessive.192
• Ablative.194
• Allative.196
• Abessive.197
• Essive.198
• Translative.199
• Comitative.200
• Instructive.201
• Prolative.202
• THE ADJECTIVE.203
• PRONOUNS.205
• Personal Pronouns.205
• Possessive Pronouns.205
• Demonstrative Pronouns.206
• Reflexive Pronouns.207
• Interrogative Pronouns.208
• Relative Pronouns.208
• Indefinite Pronouns.209
• Various Pronominal Adjectives.210
• NUMBERS.212
• Expression of a date.212
• THE VERB.215
• The Concessive.217
• The Conditional.218
• Imperative and Optative.219
• The Passive.220
• Infinitives.222
• Infinitive I.223
• Infinitive II.226
• Infinitive III.227
• Infinitive IV.230
• Infinitive V.231
• Participles.231
• Participle I—Active.232
• Participle II—Active.232
• Participle I—Passive.233
• Participle II—Passive.233
• Use of Participles in Oblique Oration.234
• PREPOSITIONS, POSTPOSITIONS, AND ADVERBS.238
• NEGATIVE SENTENCES.252
• INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.254
• OTHER SENTENCES.255
• ORATIO OBLIQUA.256
• ON THE DIALECT OF THE KALEVALA.257
• SELECTIONS FROM FINNISH LITERATURE262
• PYHÄN JOHANNEKSEN EVANGELIUMI.262
• THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO ST. JOHN, I. 1-14.263
• KALEVALA, XXXVI. 319-346.267
• KALEVALA, XVI. 151 ff.272
• KALEVALA XL. 113 ff.285
• FINNISH POPULAR SONG.308
• FOOTNOTES313
• THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE316

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